机械论
In academic discourse, the term "机械论" is more accurately and commonly expressed as mechanism in English.
While mechanical materialism is sometimes used, it is a less common and more specific term. It refers to a particular type of materialism that emphasizes the mechanical nature of reality and seeks to explain all phenomena, including mental and emotional processes, in terms of the motions and interactions of material particles.
Hobbes's philosophy is certainly an example of mechanical materialism, but using the broader term "mechanism" is often preferred for the following reasons:
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Mechanism encompasses a wider range of views, including those that might not be strictly materialist. It can refer to any explanation that relies on mechanical principles of cause and effect, regardless of whether it explicitly denies the existence of non-material entities.
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Mechanical materialism can be seen as a more historically specific term, often associated with the philosophical views of thinkers like Hobbes and Descartes in the 17th century. Using "mechanism" allows for a broader and more contemporary discussion of the concept.
Therefore, in most academic contexts, mechanism is the more appropriate and widely understood term to express the idea of "机械论."